The surge in operations and casualties comes amid a renewed push to reach a ceasefire agreement in the 15-month-old war before US president-elect Donald Trump takes office on January 20.
Israeli mediators were dispatched on Thursday to resume talks in Doha brokered by Qatari and Egyptian mediators.
The Gaza health ministry said more than 40 people were killed on Friday after 71 were killed a day earlier including in al-Mawasi, an area in central Gaza previously declared a humanitarian safe zone by Israeli authorities.
The Israeli military said it had hit about 40 Hamas gathering points as well as command and control centres.
454 days later and Hamas fired 3 rockets toward Israel just today. — Israel Defense Forces (@IDF) This should answer any questions about why our operational activity continues in the area.January 3, 2025
It said it had taken numerous measures to reduce the risk of harming civilians including using precise munitions, aerial surveillance and other intelligence.
It accused Hamas, the Islamist movement that formerly controlled the Gaza Strip, of placing fighters in civilian areas including buildings formerly used as schools, where it said troops had found a number of weapons.
Hamas rejects accusations it deliberately uses the civilian population to shield fighters.
On Friday, the military told civilians in the area of al-Bureij in central Gaza to leave ahead of an operation it ordered following rocket attacks from the area.
It said residents should move to the humanitarian zone for their own safety.
Elsewhere, Israeli troops have been battling Hamas fighters holding out in towns around the northern end of the enclave for the past month and continued to find weapons stores and underground infrastructure, the military said.
Israel launched its assault on the Gaza Strip in response to the Hamas attack on October 7, 2023 in which militants stormed border communities from the enclave, killing about 1200 people and seizing about 250 hostages according to Israeli tallies.
Its military campaign - with the stated goal of eradicating Hamas - has levelled swathes of the enclave, driving most people from their homes and has killed 45,658 Palestinians according to the Gaza health ministry.
Severe winter weather has caused bitter hardship to hundreds of thousands who are sheltering in makeshift tent encampments.
The United States, Egypt and Qatar have been trying to mediate a deal for a ceasefire and hostage release for a year with no success and are making another push this month before Trump's inauguration.
Ceasefire efforts have continually stumbled on a fundamental disagreement over how to end the conflict.
Hamas says it will accept an agreement and release the hostages only if Israel commits to ending the war.
Israel says it will agree to stop fighting only once Hamas is destroyed.
US President Joe Biden has repeatedly called for a ceasefire agreement.
Trump has said that if there is not a deal to release the hostages before his inauguration, "all hell is going to break out".
Israel's military has entered nearly every part of the Gaza Strip but is still fighting Hamas militants who are waging guerrilla warfare across the ruins of the tiny enclave.
