Medics said two Israeli missiles hit the police station, located near a market, which led to the wounding of dozens of people in addition to the 10 deaths.
The identities of those killed were not immediately clear.
The Israeli military said in a statement apparently referring to the same incident that it attacked a command and control centre operated by Hamas and the allied Islamic Jihad groups in Jabalia, which militants used to plan and execute attacks against Israeli forces.
It accused Palestinian militant groups of exploiting civilians and civil properties for military purposes, an allegation Hamas and other factions deny.
Local health authorities said Israeli strikes have killed at least 34 other people in separate air strikes across the enclave, bringing Thursday's death toll to 44.
The Gaza health ministry said the Durra Children's Hospital in Gaza City had become non-operational, a day after an Israeli strike hit the upper part of the building, damaging the intensive care unit and destroying the facility's solar power panel system.
No one was killed.
There was no Israeli comment on the incident.
Gaza's health system has been devastated by Israel's 18-month-old military campaign, launched in response to the October 7 attack by Hamas in 2023, putting many of the territory's hospitals out of action, killing medics and reducing crucial supplies.
Since a January ceasefire collapsed on March 18, Israeli attacks have killed more than 1900 Palestinians, many of them civilians, according to the Gaza health authorities, and hundreds of thousands have been displaced as Israel seized what it calls a buffer zone of the Gaza Strip's land.
Efforts by Arab mediators Qatar and Egypt, backed by the United States, have so far failed to reconcile disputes between the two warring parties, Israel and Hamas.
The attack on Israel by Hamas in October 2023 killed 1200 people, and 251 hostages were taken to the Gaza Strip.
Since then, more than 51,300 Palestinians have been killed in the Israeli offensive in the enclave, according to health officials.
The Israeli army admitted responsibility for killing a United Nations staffer from Romania last month.
The military initially denied it was responsible for the March 19 strike on a UN guesthouse in the Gaza Strip, which also wounded five other UN employees.
Afterward, the UN concluded that an Israeli tank had struck the compound and said it had informed the military a day earlier that the location was a UN facility.
Releasing its initial findings, the military said one of its tanks targeted the building "due to assessed enemy presence" and that the structure "was not identified by the forces as a UN facility" at the time.
The attack prompted the UN to reduce its presence in the Gaza Strip, citing safety concerns.
with AP
