The one-day sitting on Tuesday is a mix of pomp and procedure, laying the foundation for parliamentarians to begin work on legislative reforms in the new year.
A crowd gathered for a short welcome to country ceremony in Queen's Hall before members, including more than 40 newcomers, moved into their respective chambers to be sworn in.
Bendigo West MP Maree Edwards was re-elected speaker, while Labor veteran Shaun Leane was appointed president of the upper house unopposed after being dumped from cabinet.
The 60th Victorian parliament will be formally opened in the afternoon by Governor Linda Dessau, who will deliver a speech outlining the government's plans for the next four years.
Normal proceedings will resume after her speech, including question time in both houses.
It will be new Opposition Leader John Pesutto's first crack at probing the Andrews government after Labor claimed a third successive election victory, extending its lower house majority to 56 seats.
One Nation Senator Pauline Hanson, who was at Victorian parliament to witness the swearing in of her party's new state MP Rikkie-Lee Tyrrell, said the Liberals failed at the ballot box after "drifting to the left".
"You've got enough lefties in the state. Let's get back to the conservative side of politics," she told reporters.
She referred to former Liberal leader Matthew Guy, who has resigned his post and moved to the backbench after leading the coalition to another election drubbing, as "Guy Matthews".
"There you are. That's how big an impression he made on me," Ms Hanson said when corrected on his name.
Premier Daniel Andrews said his newly re-elected government planned to introduce legislation on Tuesday but it would not involve signature election policies.
The Greens, whose party room has grown from four to eight, also intend to hit the ground running by introducing a bill to raise the age of criminal responsibility in Victoria from 10 to 14.
"With a progressive crossbench now in the upper house, we have a real opportunity to get on with these urgent reforms," state party leader Samantha Ratnam said.
A raft of overdue annual reports will be tabled by parliament on Tuesday afternoon, with the premier defending the lateness of their release.
"There is a shortage of auditors across the public sector right across our nation," Mr Andrews said.
"They would have been tabled earlier but they simply weren't ready."
Victorian parliament will return in earnest in early February.
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