South Australia's task force Prime charged the mother of an Adelaide girl with manslaughter on Wednesday after a major crime investigation into the six-year-old's alleged neglect.
Charlie Nowland was found unresponsive at the family's Munno Para home in July and died in hospital.
She had coeliac disease, an immune reaction to gluten, and a hereditary heart condition, her mother Crystal Nowland said after her death last year.
Nowland, 47, was charged with her daughter's manslaughter on Wednesday after being led away from her home.
She is due to appear in Adelaide Magistrates Court later in the day.
The police investigation came in addition to a state government review into various government agencies' handling of the case.
Four agencies - child protection, housing, human services and education - all had interactions with the family.
Deputy Police Commissioner Linda Williams said last year's interim autopsy results raised concerns about the state of the girl's health and wellbeing at the time of her death.
A 50-year-old man from Craigmore, in Adelaide's north was charged with manslaughter in relation to the death of 7-year-old Makai Wanganeen in February 2022.
The boy was taken to Adelaide's Lyell McEwin Hospital in February last year and later transferred to the Women's and Children's Hospital, but died the same day.
A post-mortem was conducted and identified several serious health issues, but they were not initially considered suspicious.
The task force also charged a 54-year-old woman with manslaughter for the October 2018 death of 15-year-old Jasmine Wilmott.
In August last year the South Australian government appointed former police commissioner Mal Hyde to lead a review into how government departments handled two of the cases of neglect.
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