Safe disposal of dead stock

If these are not available, alternative biosecure options for use on-farm may include composting or burial.

If on-farm disposal is to be used, then forward planning with appropriate siting, infrastructure and management is critical to minimise any biosecurity, environmental or other risks.

Burying carcasses on the farm may be the most appropriate option depending on the circumstances.

Stringent guidelines apply to appropriate burial sites, so they don’t adversely affect the land, surface/ground waters or the air.

Detailed information on setback distances and other requirements can be found on the Victorian Environment Protection Authority’s website at: https://www.epa.vic.gov.au/about-epa/publications/iwrg641-1

The other on-farm option is composting of carcasses.

In line with EPA guidance, when the average number of mortalities doesn’t exceed one tonne per month, then a composting pile is appropriate.

When mortalities exceed this threshold, bin composting should be considered.

Bin composting requires more dedicated infrastructure. Detailed information on pile and bin composting can be found at: https://www.epa.vic.gov.au/about-epa/publications/2050---composting-mortalities-on-farms

It’s important to realise composting is an active process, not a set and forget method. Failing to monitor and follow established composting techniques will result in an increased risk of harm to the land or the environment and a sub-standard final product.

Agriculture Victoria can provide guidance to farmers about on-farm disposal options in consultation with the EPA.

In the event of unusual signs or suspected cases of emergency animal disease, report them immediately to the Emergency Animal Disease Hotline on 1800 675 888. Early reporting increases the chance of effective control and eradication.

If an emergency animal disease outbreak is declared, Agriculture Victoria is responsible for the destruction and disposal of animal carcasses, including those that can be buried on-farm.

Further information on farm biosecurity and animal disease is available on the Agriculture Victoria website: https://agriculture.vic.gov.au/biosecurity/animal-disease

By Rachael Campbell,

Dairy industry development officer,

Agriculture Victoria.

Free webinar on stock disposal

Murray Dairy and Agriculture Victoria will host a free webinar about on-farm livestock disposal on Tuesday, April 15 from 7pm to 8pm.

This webinar will provide dairy farmers with clear guidance on composting, burial and other legal disposal options, while addressing key biosecurity and environmental considerations.

Industry experts and regulators will discuss:

You will be provided with a link to the webinar after registration at: https://www.dairyaustralia.com.au/events-calendar/2025/04/02/farm-livestock-disposal---victorian-webinar