A towering figure of French cinema, Depardieu has faced a growing number of sexual assault allegations in recent years.
Depardieu, 76, has consistently denied any wrongdoing, and this would be the first case for which he would be standing trial.
Depardieu's lawyer, Jeremie Assous, said the case was based on "false accusations" against his client, adding the movie star was expected to attend the two-day trial after an initial hearing was postponed due to his ill health.
Prosecutors say the assaults took place during the filming in 2021 of Les Volets Verts (The Green Shutters).
They accuse Depardieu of groping one of the women on the film set, pulling her towards him and trapping her with his legs before touching her waist, hips and breasts while saying obscene words.
Three people witnessed the scene, prosecutors say.
They say the second woman was groped by Depardieu on set and in the street.
The women's identities have not been revealed.
The alleged assaults occurred while Depardieu was under formal investigation over accusations of raping a young female actor in 2018.
A trial has been requested by prosecutors in the case.
A lawyer for one of the women told Reuters her client was scared to come forward against Depardieu.
"There's a fear, because he's a cinema giant," Carine Durrieu-Diebolt said.
"It's a struggle between David and Goliath and they are afraid of retaliation as they all work in cinema but at a much lower level than Depardieu."
Depardieu's trial beginning on Monday could be the highest-profile #MeToo case to go before the courts in France, a country where the protest movement over sexual violence has struggled to gain the same traction as in the United States.
Recently, however, there have been signs this might change.
Gisele Pelicot became a global feminist icon in 2024 after she waived her rights to anonymity during the trial of her former husband, who was convicted of drugging her and inviting dozens of men over to their home to sexually abuse her.
Then, in February, a French court found film director Christophe Ruggia guilty of sexually abusing actor Adele Haenel when she was underage.
Last week, a parliamentary inquiry commission questioned several prominent actors, directors and producers on the topic of sexual violence in cinema.
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